\(
\newcommand{\data}{\textnormal{data}}
\newcommand{\lower}{\textnormal{lower}}
\newcommand{\upper}{\textnormal{upper}}
\newcommand{\array}{\textnormal{array}}
\newcommand{\depth}{\textnormal{depth}}
\newcommand{\height}{\textnormal{height}}
\newcommand{\BST}{\textnormal{BST}}
\newcommand{\floor}[1]{\left\lfloor #1 \right\rfloor}
\newcommand{\ceil}[1]{\left\lceil #1 \right\rceil}
\newcommand{\lognpone}{\ceil{\log_2(n+1)}}
\newcommand{\bitsize}{\textnormal{bitSize}}
\newcommand{\mult}{\textnormal{mult}}
\newcommand{\inneighbors}{\textnormal{inNeighbors}}
\newcommand{\outneighbors}{\textnormal{outNeighbors}}
\newcommand{\neighbors}{\textnormal{neighbors}}
\newcommand{\indeg}{\textnormal{indeg}}
\newcommand{\outdeg}{\textnormal{outdeg}}
\newcommand{\scc}{\textnormal{scc}}
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\val}{\textnormal{val}}
\newcommand{\dist}{\textnormal{dist}}
\newcommand{\flows}{\textnormal{flows}}
\newcommand{\Z}{\mathbb{Z}}
\)